There followed occupation by Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1944 and then again occupation by the Soviet Union from 1944 to 1991. [80] The Soviets carried out massive deportations to eliminate any resistance to collectivisation or support of partisans. [106] Continued linkage on the part of Russia resulted in a threat by the U.S. Senate in mid-July to halt all aid to Russia in case the forces were not withdrawn by the end of August. Her name was Genovaite Petrauskas maiden name Kaklauskas. Our latest podcast episode features popular TED speaker Mara Mintzer. Russia's stance is based upon the desire to avoid financial liability, the view being that acknowledging the Soviet occupation would set the stage for future compensation claims from the Baltic states. The occupation of the Baltic states involved the military occupation of the three Baltic states—Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania—by the Soviet Union under the auspices of the 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact in June 1940. “True Lithuania” website was essentially born because I saw that there are no English websites that would tell foreigners about Lithuania the things they care about when coming to Lithuania or researching Lithuania (i.e. Thank you. Soviet Aggression Against the Baltic States, Professor Uluots, the Estonian Government in Exile and the Continuity of the Republic of Estonia in International Law, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states&oldid=986623299, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Lithuanian freedom fighter officer awards a female citizen. In June 1941, the new Soviet governments carried out mass deportations of "enemies of the people". So the ties to Grodno and that region were cut when the family property was sold and the immediate family moved to Pinsk, during WWI, where my grandfather’s brother Kazimierz was a bishop; their father died in Nowogrod in 1923, but was later buried, along with their mother, who passed a few years later, in Pinsk. Threatening invasion and accusing the three states of violating the original pacts as well as forming a conspiracy against the Soviet Union, Moscow presented ultimatums, demanding new concessions, which included the replacement of their governments and allowing an unlimited number of troops to enter the three countries. In fact, the total European lands Germany lost under Treaty of Versailles were even smaller than what Russia lost with Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. During the Polish-Russian war of 1920, Vilnius was occupied by the Red Army on July 14. They probably also spoke Polish as a second language (seen as prestige-language at the time by many), as well as Russian which was the language of the then-ruling regime. История русского народа в XX веке. [58] The deposed presidents of Estonia (Konstantin Päts) and Latvia (Kārlis Ulmanis) were imprisoned and deported to the USSR and died later in the Tver region[59] and Central Asia respectively. Funny thing too though he really was an Anglophile Archduke of Lithuania since he used the “De LA O’” also and not just her first name. [7] On 3 June 1940 all Soviet military forces based in Baltic states were concentrated under the command of Aleksandr Loktionov. Border treaty, cooperation agreement signed. Diwali celebrations 'will be difficult', says Rishi Sunak, Children in Need: Joe Wicks completes 24-hour workout challenge, A massive challenge for the DIY SOS team. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. This separating wall has to be destroyed." In such a case, their descendants cannot apply for citizenship restoration, which is the path that leads to dual citizenship. KGB controlled/watched many areas of life. More precise numbers of victims are in the article on World War 2. Being ethnic Lithuanian alone was a reason for increased suspicion. Sometimes “from Vilnius” would have meant “From Vilnius governorate”, and this governorate covered the whole modern-day Eastern Lithuania as well as Western Belarus. If you are still interested in a translation, we do offer translation services. During the first two partitions, in 1772 and 1793, Lithuania lost only lands inhabited by East Slavs. An informal system of Lithuanian “schools of the hearth” in the villages was organized. Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Background of the occupation of the Baltic states, Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940), German occupation of the Baltic states during World War II, 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian), Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union (1944), National Committee of the Republic of Estonia, Baltic states under Soviet rule (1944–91), forces assembled under the Popular Fronts, Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union, Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, The Convention for the Definition of Aggression, Treaties the USSR signed between 1940 and 1945, Timeline of the occupation of the Baltic states, United States resolution on the 90th anniversary of the Latvian Republic, Official position of Franklin Roosevelt about Baltic States at Tehran conference, p594-595, "22 September 1944 from one occupation to another", "U.S.-Baltic Relations: Celebrating 85 Years of Friendship", Motion for a resolution on the Situation in Estonia, "The International Practice of the European Communities: Current Survey", "Resolution on the situation in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania", European Court of Human Rights cases on Occupation of Baltic States, Country Profiles: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, The Forty-Third Session of the UN Sub-Commission, Эстония и Прибалтика в составе СССР (1940-1991) в российской историографии, "Commentary to the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Compensation of Damage Resulting from the Occupation of the USSR", "OPINION No.